COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT) UNTUK MENGATASI BULIMIA NERVOSA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26486/psikologi.v23i1.1435Keywords:
bulimia nervosa, terapi pembiasaan kognitifAbstract
Bulimia Nervosa merupakan salah satu gangguan makan yang ditandai dengan makan secara berlebihan, berulang, diikuti dengan keinginan untuk mengeluarkan makanan dengan cara tidak tepat sebagai kompensasi, dan perhatian yang berlebihan mengenai berat badan dan bentuk tubuh. Bulimia nervosa disebabkan oleh distorsi kognitif pada penderitanya yang muncul akibat evaluasi berlebihan terhadap bentuk tubuh. Penelitian single case study dilakukan terhadap seorang penderita bulimia nervosa berinisial B. B memenuhi tiga karakteristik bulimia nervosa di dalam PPDGJ-III, sehingga diagnosis bulimia nervosa bisa ditegakan. Bulimia nervosa pada B disebabkan oleh distorsi kognitif jenis dichotomous thinking. Hal tersebut memunculkan perilaku maladaptif yaitu mengkonsumsi makanan secara berlebihan kemudian memuntahkannya. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) merupakan terapi yang berfokus pada perubahan kognitif untuk menghasilkan perubahan perilaku positif yang menjadi tujuan dari terapi itu sendiri. CBT dilakukan untuk merekonstruksi kognitif B yang kemudian menurunkan perilaku maladaptif B. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memaparkan penggunaan CBT pada B dalam enam kali pertemuan. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran menggunakan lembar self-monitoring, menunjukan adanya perubahan positif pada pola pikir B, serta terjadi penurunan perilaku makan berlebihan dan memuntahkan makanan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan intervensi pada penderita bulimia nervosa lainnya.
Â
Â
References
Accurso, E. C., Fitzsimmons-Craft, E. E., Ciao, A., Cao, L., Crosby, R. D., Smith, T. L., Klein, M. H., Mitchell, J. E., Crow, S. J., Wonderlich, S. A., & Peterson, C. B. (2015). Therapeutic alliance in a randomized clinical trial for bulimia nervosa. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 83(3), 637–642. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000021
Bennett, P. (2011). Abnormal and Clinical Psychology, An Introductory Textbook, Third Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Barlow, D. H., Durand, V. M., & Hofmann, S. G. (2018). Abnormal Psychology, An Integrative Approch, Eighth Edition. USA: Cengage Learning.
Boone, L., Soenens, B., & Braet, C. (2011). Perfectionism, body dissatisfaction, and bulimic symptoms: The intervening role of perceived pressure to be thin and thin ideal internalization. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 30(10), 1043–1068. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2011.30.10.1043
Bowles, T., Kurlender, M., & Hellings, B. (2011). Family functioning and family stage associated with patterns of disordered eating in adult females. Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 28(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1375/aedp.28.1.47
Branscombe, N. R., & Baron, R. A. (2017). Social Psychology, Fourteenth Edition. England: Pearson Education Limited.
Cerniglia, L., Cimino, S., Tafà , M., Marzilli, E., Ballarotto, G., & Bracaglia, F. (2017). Family profiles in eating disorders: Family functioning and psychopathology. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 10, 305–312. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S145463
Cooper, Z., & Fairburn, C. G. (2011). The evolution of “Enhanced†Cognitive behavior therapy for eating disorders: Learning from treatment nonresponse. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 18(3), 394–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2010.07.007
Cooper, Z., & Grave, R. D. (2017). Eating disorders: Transdiagnostic theory and treatment. In The Science of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Issue January 2017). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803457-6.00014-3
Corey, G. (2016). Theory and Practice of Counselling and Psychotherapy (10th Ed.). https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/acap/detail.action?docID=4643533.
Dattadeen, J.A. (2015). Treating Bulimia Nervosa with Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy dan Interpersonal Psychotherapy. Inquiries Journal/Student Pulse, 7 (2), 1-5.
Franko, D. L., Keshaviah, A., Eddy, K. T., Krishna, M., Davis, M. C., Keel, P. K., & Herzog, D. B. (2013). A longitudinal investigation of mortality in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170(8), 917–925. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12070868
Kourkouta, L., Frantzana, E., Iliadis, C., Kleisiaris, C., & Papathanasiou, I. (2019). Bulimia Nervosa: a Review. Sanitas Magisterium, February, 1–6. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333853004_BULIMIA_NERVOSA_-A_REVIEW
Krisnani, H., Santoso, M. B., & Putri, D. (2018). Gangguan Makan Anorexia Nervosa Dan Bulimia Nervosa Pada Remaja. Prosiding Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 4(3), 399. https://doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v4i3.18618
Nelson-Jones, R. (2011). Theory and Practice of Counselling &
Therapy, Fifth Edition. London: Sage Publications.
Nevid, S. N., Rathus, S.A., & Greene, B. (2014). Abnormal Psychology, In Changing World, Ninth Edition. USA: Pearson Education, Inc.
O’Donohue, W.T., & Fisher, J.E. (2012). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Prinsip-Prinsip Utama untuk Praktik. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Murphy, R., Straebler, S., Cooper, Z., & Fairburn, C. G. (2010). Cognitive behavioral therapy for eating disorders. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 33(3), 611–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2010.04.004
Sathyapriya, B., Lakshmanan, P., Sumathy, G., Koshy, J.M., Chandrakala, B., & Gokulalakshmi, E.. (2018). Bulimia Nervosa – A Psychiatric Eating Disorder. 2(2), 21–26.
Simeunovic Ostojic, M., & Hansen, A. M. J. (2013). Sociocultural factors in the development of bulimia nervosa in a blind woman: A case report. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 46(3), 284–288. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22058
Taylor, S. E. (2015). Health Psychology, Ninth Edition. In McGraw-Hill Education.
Wade, C., & Tavris, C. (2017). Psychology Twelfth Edition. www.prisonstudies.org
Waller, G., Gray, E., Hinrichsen, H., Mountford, V., Lawson, R., &
Patient, E. (2014). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa and atypical bulimic nervosa: Effectiveness in clinical settings. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 47(1), 13–17. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22181
Wonderlich, S. A., Peterson, C. B., Smith, T. L., Klein, M., Mitchell, J. E., Crow, S. J., & Engel, S. G. (2010). Integrative cognitive-affective therapy for bulimia nervosa. In The treatment of eating disorders: A clinical handbook. (pp. 317–338). http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?
T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=psyc7&NEWS=N&AN=2009-21675-017
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with INSIGHT: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Insight right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in Insight. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in Insight.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
