SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR): PERILAKU CYBERLOAFING KARYAWAN
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji perilaku cyberloafing karyawan dalam perspektif teori psikologis kognitif Albert Bandura. Perilaku cyberloafing merupakan tantangan nyata dalam organisasi modern yang memanfaatkan teknologi digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan menggunakan systematic literature review (SLR) untukmerangkum hasil-hasl penelitian yang relevan, mengidentifikasi faktor dan dampak perilaku cyberloafing karyawan, dan menyoroti pentingnya praktik manajemen sumber daya yang responsif. Data base yang digunakan meliputi google scholar, sciencedirect, researchgate, dan indeks lainnya. Hasil artikel yang ditemukan berjumlah 150 artikel dalam rentang publikasi tahun 2019-2025. Berdasarkan pendekatan psikologis kognitif dari Albert Bandura, perilaku ini tidak semata-mata disebabkan oleh kemalasan atau niat buruk karyawan, namun merupakan hasil dari interaksi dinamis antara kognisi individu, perilaku, dan lingkungan kerja (reciprocal determinism cyberloafing. Faktor pemicu utama cyberloafing dalam kerangka Bandura meliputi observasi terhadap model perilaku, modeling sosial, reiforcement, self-efficacy tinggi, lemahnya kontrol lingkungan, dan justifikasi moral. Kerangka teori Bandura menciptakan efek pembelajaran sosial negatif yang menurunkan produktivitas, membentuk budaya permisif, dan melemahkan moral kerja melalui proses observasi, modeling, dan reinforcement berulang. Solusi strategis tidak cukup hanya bersifat teknis atau hukuman, namun perlu mencakup penguatan kognisi positif, pembelajaran sosial yang konstruktif, dan penciptaan lingkungan kerja yang mendukung regulasi diri. Pendekatan ini lebih efektif dalam mendorong perubahan perilaku yang berkelanjutan dan menciptakan budaya kerja yang sehat.
Kata Kunci:cyberloafing, kinerja karyawan, psikologis kognitif.
Abstract
This study examines employee cyberloafing behavior from the perspective of Albert Bandura's cognitive psychology theory. Cyberloafing behavior is a real challenge in modern organizations that utilize digital technology. This study employed a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to summarize relevant research findings, identify the factors and impacts of employee cyberloafing behavior, and highlight the importance of responsive human resource management practices. The databases used included Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, and other indexes. The results found 150 articles published between 2019 and 2025. Based on Albert Bandura's cognitive psychology approach, this behavior is not solely caused by employee laziness or bad intentions, but rather the result of a dynamic interaction between individual cognition, behavior, and the work environment (reciprocal determinism cyberloafing). The main triggers for cyberloafing in Bandura's framework include observing behavioral models, social modeling, reinforcement, high self-efficacy, weak environmental control, and moral justification. Bandura's theoretical framework creates a negative social learning effect that reduces productivity, forms a permissive culture, and weakens work morale through repeated observation, modeling, and reinforcement. Strategic solutions are not simply technical or punitive; they need to include strengthening positive cognitions, constructive social learning, and creating a work environment that supports self-regulation. This approach is more effective in encouraging sustainable behavioral change and creating a healthy work culture.
Keywords:cognitive psychology, cyberloafing, employee performance.
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