Case study: Cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment of neurastenic disorders
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26486/psikologi.v24i1.1810Keywords:
neurastenia, neurotik, terapi kognitif perilakuAbstract
Neurasthenia merupakan gangguan neurosis yang termasuk dalam kategori diagnostik gangguan neurotik lainnya dalam PPDGJ III. Pasien dengan gangguan neurasthenia memiliki asumsi disfungsional yang merupakan hasil interaksi perilaku, emosi, gejala dan pikiran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi kognitif perilakuan terhadap pasien dengan gangguan neurastenia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus terhadap satu orang subjek penelitian. Subjek penelitian adalah seorang laki-laki berusia 43 tahun yang bekerja sebagai guru komputer dan kepala lab komputer di SMP. Subjek selama 2 bulan terakhir mengalami gejala kelelahan yang kronis ketika menjalankan aktivitas pekerjaan, pikiran menjadi kacau dan badan lemas, serta kekhawatiran akan terjadi sesuatu terhadap dirinya ketika muncul gejala-gejala tersebut saat berada di jalan. Gejala-gejala tersebut membuat subjek sering tidak masuk kerja atau pulang lebih awal dari pekerjaannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terapi kognitif perilakuan membantu subjek memahami sistematika berpikirnya yang disfungsional, menemukan akar pikiran negatif yang membuatnya mengalami kelelahan kronis, menemukan pikiran yang positif untuk menggantikan pemikiran negatif, mulai menunjukkan usaha untuk menjalankan aktivitas pekerjaan yang ringan dan mengurangi pola istirahat yang berlebihan.
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